When inspecting a V-belt, pay attention to cracks in the rubber, especially on the inner surface of the belt, and to the fit of the belt in the pulley grooves: a worn belt is usually deeply embedded in the groove, and its outer edges may be frayed.
It is important that the belt is properly tensioned. If the tension is too low, the belt slips, which leads to increased wear and tear and inefficient operation of the units; too much belt tension causes accelerated wear of the bearings.
To check the belt tension, press your thumb into the middle of its longest section (figure A:16). The belt deflection should be approximately 10 mm. If it is necessary to tighten the belt, loosen the generator mounting bolts (are shown by arrows in Figure A:17), then push the generator away from the engine by inserting the lever (hammer handle) between the generator and the cylinder block, and tighten the bolts. Check the belt tension and readjust if necessary. Avoid over-tensioning the belt.
Replacement
Check the belt condition periodically and replace it if delamination, tears, cracks, abrasions or visible signs of wear are detected.
The original text can be found at (VWMANUAL.ru)
To replace the belt, loosen the alternator mounting bolts, move the alternator, loosening the belt, and remove the belt from the pulleys. Install a new belt and adjust its tension. Let the engine run at high speed for 5 minutes, then check the belt tension. Do not attempt to pull the new belt onto the pulleys with a lever without loosening the alternator mounting - this can damage the pulleys and belt.
NOTE: After installing a new belt, check and adjust its tension after 150-200 km to compensate for stretching.
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