The oil level should be checked not earlier than a few minutes after the engine has stopped, otherwise the oil will not have time to drain into the oil pan. When measuring the oil level, the car must be on a flat horizontal surface.
Checking the oil level
The engine oil level must be between the two marks on the dipstick and must never fall below the lower mark.
Remove the dipstick from the engine and wipe it dry with a clean cloth or paper towel. Insert the clean dipstick back into the engine until it stops, then pull it out again. The oil level should be near the top mark.
If the oil level is low, remove the oil filler plug located on the engine valve cover (pic. A:4), and add oil. Wait a few minutes before checking the level again.
Do not fill oil above the upper mark to avoid leakage and increased oil consumption.
Changing the oil and oil filter
The engine oil must be changed at the intervals specified in "Maintenance Schedule" intervals, or more frequently if the engine is operated under severe conditions. The most severe conditions that increase the amount of deposits in the engine are prolonged operation of the engine at low speeds with light loads (idling) and short trips during which the engine does not have time to warm up to normal temperature. Long trips at high speed are much more beneficial for the engine. Modern motor oils contain additives that prevent the formation of a large amount of deposits, but over time the effectiveness of the additives decreases.
Before changing the oil, it is necessary to warm up the engine to operating temperature, while the oil will become more liquid and will drain better.
Before draining the oil, a new drain plug gasket should be purchased as the old one is likely to be unusable.
Install the car over the inspection hole or raise its front with jacks. Place a wide container of sufficient volume under the drain hole (an old 5-liter oil can with a cut-out wall will do).
Loosen the drain plug (socket wrench or ring wrench required) and drain the oil (pic. A:5). Wipe the plug and install a new sealing washer.
After completely draining the oil, screw in the plug and tighten it. Do not overtighten the plug so as not to create difficulties for yourself when draining the oil in the future.
The replaceable oil filter is located at the bottom of the cylinder block, just behind the generator (pic. A:1 and A:6). The easiest access to the filter is from underneath the car. Install a container under the filter to collect the oil.
If the filter cannot be unscrewed by hand, then a chain or belt grip will be required (pic. A:6).
Unscrew the filter and discard it. Thoroughly wipe the filter installation site from oil and dirt with a rag that does not leave fibers. Make sure the O-ring on the new filter is installed correctly and lubricate it with a little engine oil.
Install the new filter and tighten it by hand without using any tools. Do not overtighten the filter to avoid damaging the seal.
Fill the engine with oil in two stages. First fill the oil through the filler neck on the valve cover (pic. A:1, A:2 and A:3) in quantity corresponding to the volume of the oil pan (see section "Technical data"), then run the engine for a few minutes, stop it and check the oil level - the level should drop as some of the oil will go to fill the new filter. Add oil to the upper mark on the dipstick.
NOTE: Remember that it is UNACCEPTABLE to drain used oil down the drain or just onto the ground. Drain used oil in specially designated places or hand it over for recycling.
Oil leaks
If you need to add oil too often, check the general condition of the engine and check for oil leaks. First, inspect the outside of the engine for oil leaks and note the color of smoke from the exhaust when the engine is revved up—blue smoke indicates increased oil flow through the valve seals or piston rings.
Inspect the engine from below, paying attention to the most likely places for oil leaks: drain plug, oil pan connection to the engine, engine connection to the gearbox, oil filter mount, surfaces around the camshaft drive cover, crankshaft and camshaft oil seals.
If a leak is detected, clean the suspicious place, and then start the engine. If a leak is confirmed during engine operation, then it should be eliminated as soon as possible.
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