General information on wheels and tires Tires are high-tech products that have been designed for the operating conditions of modern cars. As with any other high-tech product, it also requires careful handling, care and...
Specification for wheel and tire conversions The rim/tire combinations and conversions listed in the individual vehicle tables apply exclusively to original Volkswagen rims. The approval of wheels or their conversion to...
Tire speed indices Speed index (e.g. «T») after tire size marking (e.g. 185/65R1486T) indicates the allowed maximum speed (vmax) for this tire. Tires for the corresponding vehicle must be selected...
Compound disks Composite discs are made up of several parts. The most important are the rim and disc of the wheel. These parts are attached to each other with special bolts using a special...
Tire wear and mileage General information Tires are subject to all sorts of requirements. Each of these requirements is embedded in the tire to a certain extent. Depending on the use and type of...
High speed tire wear These tires are designed for the highest speeds. Therefore, when developing these tires, good grip on wet road surfaces comes to the fore. The tread compounds of these tires do...
Tire service Tire pressure The mass of the car flattens the tire at the area of its contact with the road. Tire rolling leads to forced deformation of the tread and the entire breaker. With...
Evenly worn tires Tire requirements are getting tougher all the time. The reasons are the following factors: growing mass of the car; high speeds; high traffic safety. High load on the tire for...
Tread Height Measurement Note: To determine the height of the tread pattern, measurements should be taken in the main grooves of the tread. Note: Do not measure on TWI (Tread Wear Indicator means. tread...
Unilateral tire wear One-sided wear is caused in many cases by driving style, but sometimes by incorrect wheel alignment. Increased lateral wear Pic. 4.6. Tire side wear example Lateral wear, most...
Diagonal uneven wear Diagonal uneven tire wear Pic. 4.10. Diagonal uneven tire wear Diagonal patches of uneven wear run at an angle of approximately 45°relative to the direction of the circumference...
Tire rolling noise General information about rolling noise Rolling noise, perceived by the human ear, is vibrations emanating from a sound source and reaching the ear through the air. Interesting...
Wheel balancing Before proceeding with balancing, the following conditions must be met. The tire pressure must be correct. The tread pattern must not have one-sided wear, and its depth must be at...
Radial and lateral runout of wheels and tires Radial and lateral runout is due to inaccurate rotation of the disc and tire. 100% rotational accuracy is not possible due to technical considerations. Therefore, the manufacturer...
Minimization of mounted wheels General provisions If the radial or lateral runout of the disc and tire overlaps, the wheel runout increases. 100% rotational accuracy is not possible due to technical...
Side slip of the car Taper Tapering is caused by a slight displacement of the tread and/or breaker with respect to the geometric center of the tire by a few tenths of a millimeter. The taper is not...
Side slip elimination Check conditions before and during the test drive Check all front and rear suspension components for damage. Check and, if necessary, correct the air pressure in the tires. Check...
Tire damage General instructions Tire damage can have serious consequences, so the driver and car maintenance technician should regularly check their condition for early detection of possible...
Loss of tire pressure Note: It is not recommended to repair steel cord radial tires with foreign body damage to the carcass. Note: Corrosion may occur on steel wire. This causes the rubber to peel off...
Tire damage due to tire fitting errors (installation damage) Bead core ruptured while inflating tire Pic. 4.26. The scheme of mounting the tire on the disk: 1 - hump (double hump H 2); 2 – side edge of the rim; 3 - inner shoulder of the rim...
Tire sidewall marking Pic. 4.29. Tire sidewall marking: 1 - dimension marking; 2 - manufacturer (tradename); 3 - designation of the tread pattern; 4 - designation of a tubeless tire; 5 - radial design;...
Wheel swap In front-wheel drive vehicles, as a result of a greater load on the front tires, tread wear occurs earlier than on rear axle tires. To equalize the life of all 4 tires of the car,...
General provisions for wheel alignment (RUUK) Passat car Wheel alignment may only be carried out with a VW/AUDI approved wheel alignment tool. At each adjustment of the wheel alignment, the wheel alignment of the front and rear axles...
Front axle camber correction Note: Camber correction is required only after body repair. Camber is not adjustable but can be adjusted on both sides by moving the consoles and/or subframe Note: The subframe...
Rear axle camber adjustment Pic. 4.34. Nut of a carving connection of the top cross-section lever with a subframe Loosen the nut a of the threaded connection of the upper transverse arm with the subframe...
Adjustment of a convergence of wheels of a forward axis Pic. 4.37. Tie Rod Loosen the lock nut 3, while holding on to the tie rod end 2 (pic. 4.37). Remove the spring clamp 1 from the anther. Adjust the toe by turning the left and/or...
Passat wheel information from model year 2006 General provisions Volkswagen vehicles are built to the latest safety standards. In order to ensure its reliability, it is recommended to use only genuine Volkswagen parts. They...
Check condition, wear pattern, pressure, tire tread depth Tire condition check Attention: If defects are found, check whether the tire needs to be replaced. Check the tire tread and sidewall for damage, if necessary, remove foreign...