Taper
Tapering is caused by a slight displacement of the tread and/or breaker with respect to the geometric center of the tire by a few tenths of a millimeter. The taper is not visually noticeable and is not measured in the workshop.
Due to the offset, the stiffness on the inner and outer shoulder of the tire is different, resulting in different forces. acting on the bearing surface of the wheel. Therefore, the breaker and protector «rest against» into the roadway with different forces (F1, F2). The result is a cone. Force caused by taper (Fk) can, depending on the speed, become so large that it starts to pull the car in one direction.
If strength (Fk) on one wheel of the axle is, for example, 50 N, on the other wheel also 50 N, and these forces are also directed in the same direction, then they are summed up. By turning the tire over on the rim, lateral slip can be compensated, since the forces will then act in the opposite direction.
Since the direction of the force caused by the cone is not noticeable on the tire, it is only possible to determine which tire has caused the side slip by test drives and purposeful rearrangement of rims and tires.
A tire is made up of many elements and materials, which are partly vulcanized at the end of a labor-intensive manufacturing process. Because of this, various errors are obtained, which can become noticeable with more or less high lateral forces. These efforts can also show up on new tyres.
Pic. 4.18. Tire elements: 1 - board; 2 - shoulder; 3 - protector; 4 - metal cord breaker; a is the geometric center of the tire; b is the actual position of the breaker; it can be moved in or out
Pic. 4.19. Forces acting on the tire: 1 - offset breaker / protector; F1 - unequal forces acting on the bearing surface of the wheel; F2 - unequal forces acting on the bearing surface of the wheel; Fk is the force generated by the taper
One-way steering on the front axle
Causes of lateral slip may lie in the undercarriage. However, it is known from experience that in over 90% of complaints, side slip is caused by tyres.
Lateral slip during normal driving style
Automobile «pulls» in either direction on a straight, level road, in smooth motion or moderate acceleration. At the same time, force is felt on the steering wheel.
Lateral slip during high acceleration
Lateral slip during strong acceleration from the part is inherent in the design of cars with front-wheel drive. Different friction conditions of the left and right wheels, including uneven road surfaces (potholes). and in this regard, and inconsistent grip, greatly affect driving performance. This issue is not covered under warranty.
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