If the engine is damaged in the area of the cylinder head, camshaft and valves, it is logical to carry out independent repairs.
If parts in the area of the crank mechanism and engine block are damaged and worn out, then labor-intensive repair work must be carried out. Grinding the cylinder and replacing the piston under high load is almost always unavoidable. This work is carried out by a repair shop. However, you can dismantle the engine yourself.
It can often be rational to assemble a new engine by replacing the engine block, crankshaft and pistons. The cylinder head, fuel pump, water pump, etc. are taken from the old unit.
It makes sense to completely replace the engine if the old one worked very hard and all its parts are badly worn. It will be expensive, but you won't have to worry for a long time. It is only profitable if the body is in good condition.
Note: A sudden, significant knocking noise from the mid-top (dependent on the number of revolutions) is not yet a signal of engine damage. It may be caused by the injector needles. The spring-loaded injector needle, which is usually lifted by the fuel pressure during injection and thus opens the injection hole, hangs in this position. Then the engine does not receive enough fuel, noise is created. This harmless defect may be caused by dirt getting into the injection system (into pipelines). Dirt particles interfere with the injector needle. Anyone who pays attention to this can fix the defect. With the clutch pedal pressed, briefly and strongly "give gas". Excess fuel will probably wash the needles, the defect will be eliminated. But if foreign bodies cannot be removed in this way, the injector should be cleaned. To determine which injector is in question, you need to unscrew the union nuts of the injectors one by one and tighten them again. Where the noise decreases when unscrewing, there is the "troublemaker".
Cylinder head gasket defects
| Distinguishing feature | Reason for the peculiarity |
| The coolant level is constantly decreasing slowly | Coolant enters the combustion chambers in very small quantities. This phenomenon can be observed without any signs for a long time. Another reason: leaky cooling system |
| Significant loss of coolant. A white curtain of exhaust gases trailed behind the car when the engine was running | The coolant penetrates into the combustion chamber in significant quantities, evaporates there and escapes out in the form of a white curtain |
| Air bubbles rise from the open expansion tank or a large amount of coolant bubbles out when the cap is opened | Combustion products have entered the cooling system. After the exhaust gases have exited, a burning smell comes from the expansion tank opening |
| Black or iridescent colors appear on the surface of the coolant in rainbow colors | Oil from the lubrication system has entered the cooling system |
| When the dipstick is removed, the emulsion appears grey or brown, or the oil may be riddled with water bubbles | Coolant has entered the lubrication system. Caution: Water in the engine oil may cause the cylinder head to seal. Do not start the engine: take the car to a repair shop |
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