- 1 - oil supply channel in the cylinder head,
- 2 - main oil line,
- 3 - oil spray for piston cooling,
- 4 - oil flow in the oil filter,
- 5 - oil heat exchanger
The engine is lubricated under pressure. The oil pump draws oil from the oil pan through a strainer and pressurizes it through a fine oil filter. The oil pump has a bypass valve that maintains the pressure in the engine lubrication system at the same level. If the pressure in the engine lubrication system rises above a certain level, the bypass valve opens and part of the oil flows back into the oil pan.
Passing through the oil filter, the purified oil enters the main oil line. An oil pressure sensor is installed in the oil line, which, by turning on the warning light on the instrument cluster, indicates low oil pressure. The oil filter has a valve that, in the event of severe contamination of the oil filter, bypasses the crude oil directly into the oil line.
From the main line, oil under pressure is supplied through the channels to lubricate the main bearings of the crankshaft and then through the channels in the crankshaft to the connecting rod bearings. To cool the pistons, oil is sprayed through nozzles onto the bottom of the pistons.
Through the channels, oil is supplied to the cylinder head for lubrication of the camshaft bearings and to the hydraulic tappets.
Oil consumption
Oil consumption is the amount of oil required to ensure the combustion process of the fuel-air mixture. The category of oil consumption does not include oil losses due to leaks in the engine lubrication system. Oil consumption also determines the high temperatures and pressures present when the engine is running. Oil consumption is also affected by vehicle operating conditions and driving style. The maximum oil consumption is 1 liter per 1000 km of the vehicle run.
Warning: Do not fill engine oil above the max mark on the dipstick, otherwise unburned oil may enter the exhaust system and damage the catalyst.
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