The cylinder block of the 1.4 and 1.6 liter engines is made of aluminum with inserted cast-iron cylinder liners. In other engines, the cylinder block is made of gray cast iron. The cylinder head is made of a light alloy and is bolted to the cylinder block. Steel guides and valve seats are pressed into the cylinder head. An oil pan is attached to the bottom of the engine cylinder block, into which the oil needed for lubrication and cooling of the engine flows.
Gasoline engines use a cross-flow design, where the air-fuel mixture enters the engine cylinders on one side of the engine, and the exhaust gases are removed on the other side of the engine. This engine design significantly improves the filling of the cylinders with the air-fuel mixture and the removal of combustion products.
ENGINE 1.4-I
This engine has two intake and two exhaust valves per cylinder. The valves are driven by two camshafts. One camshaft controls the intake valves, and the other camshaft controls the exhaust valves. The camshaft that controls the exhaust valves is driven by a toothed belt from the crankshaft pulley. The camshaft that controls the intake valves is driven by a toothed belt from the camshaft that controls the exhaust valves.
ENGINE 1.6-I
The camshaft is mounted in the cylinder head and is driven by a toothed belt from the crankshaft pulley. The intake and exhaust valves, mounted vertically, are controlled by the camshaft cams via hydraulic tappets.
ENGINE 1.8-I
This engine has five valves per cylinder - three intake and two exhaust. The valves are driven by two camshafts. One camshaft controls the intake valves, and the other camshaft controls the exhaust valves. The camshaft that controls the exhaust valves is driven by a toothed belt from the crankshaft pulley.
The camshaft controlling the intake valves is driven by a chain from the camshaft controlling the exhaust valves. Increasing the number of valves per cylinder significantly improves the filling of the cylinder with the fuel-air mixture and the removal of combustion products.
ENGINE 2.3-I (VR5)
The VR5 engine has five cylinders arranged in two planes at an angle of 15° in one cylinder block. Two camshafts mounted in the cylinder head are driven by a chain. Each cylinder has one intake and one exhaust valve.
ALL ENGINES
Valve clearance adjustment is performed automatically using hydraulic tappets, manual adjustment is not required.
An oil pump is used to supply oil to the rubbing surfaces of the engine. On 1.6 and 1.8 L engines, the oil pump is driven by a chain from the crankshaft. On 1.4-I engines, the oil pump is installed in the front cover of the crankshaft and is driven directly by the crankshaft. Under pressure, oil is supplied to the channels and bearings of the crankshaft and camshaft.
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The water pump is mounted on the side of the engine block and is driven by a toothed belt, or V-belt on five-cylinder engines. The V-belt or poly-V-belt also drives the alternator, power steering pump, and air conditioning compressor. Keep in mind that the engine cooling system should be filled year-round with a low-lime antifreeze/water mixture.
The fuel-air mixture is prepared and ignited in the engine cylinders by the engine management system, which does not require adjustments. The ignition timing and idle speed are regulated by the engine management system. During maintenance, it is necessary to replace the spark plugs and the air filter element.
Warning: The radiator fan may turn on after the engine and ignition are turned off, so be careful when working on a hot engine. To prevent the radiator fan from turning on, disconnect the electrical connector from the radiator fan motor.
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