The battery works because two different metals, when placed in an acidic solution, generate electricity.
The battery is 100% efficient at 27°C. At -18°C, the efficiency of the same battery drops to 40%. Now, in order to start the engine, you need more than twice as much energy as was needed at 27°C.
Starting power (starting amperes) shows the battery's ability to start a vehicle in very cold weather conditions. It shows the amount of amperes the battery can produce for 30 seconds at -18°C without the voltage dropping below 7.2 volts (the minimum level required for a reliable start). The higher this figure, the greater the starting power of the battery.
The reserve capacity indicates the length of time in minutes that the battery supplies 25 amps at 27°C. This factor represents the time that the battery supplies all accessories in the vehicle at night and in bad weather conditions with a faulty charging alternator.
In winter conditions at -18°C and below, the battery will charge poorly due to the increase in internal resistance. During short trips in winter, the energy expended by the battery for starting is not compensated. As a result, the battery wears out, constantly discharges and eventually fails.
During the summer months, after long journeys, the engine becomes very hot and often difficult to restart. These "hot starts" sometimes require as much power as in cold weather, or more. This is especially true for high-compression, large-displacement engines and cars with air conditioning. This again highlights the importance of choosing the right battery for the car's engine.
Warning: Work must be done with protective glasses. Do not allow acid drops or particles containing lead compounds to come into contact with eyes, skin or clothing.
Warning: The electrolyte is very aggressive. Use protective gloves and glasses. Do not tilt the battery - electrolyte may spill out of the ventilation holes. If the electrolyte gets into your eyes, rinse your eyes immediately with clean water for several minutes. Then consult a doctor immediately. If the electrolyte gets on your skin or clothes, neutralize the acid with alkaline soap immediately and rinse the affected area with plenty of clean water. If the electrolyte accidentally gets inside your body, consult a doctor immediately.
Warning: When charging batteries, an explosive gas mixture is released.
Warning: When working with wires and electrical devices, do not use fire, sparking devices, open fire-hazardous lighting devices, or smoke. Avoid sparking when handling wires and electrical devices. Never short-circuit battery terminals directly - there is a high risk of injury due to strong sparking.
Before carrying out any work on the vehicle's electrical system, disconnect the negative cable from the battery. When replacing incandescent bulbs, simply turn off the corresponding switches.
When disconnecting the battery from the vehicle's electrical system, disconnect the negative cable first, then the positive cable. Do not disconnect the battery while the engine is running, as this will damage the electronic devices of the electrical system.
When installing a battery in a vehicle, you should first connect the positive wire and then the negative wire.
To protect the battery case from ultraviolet radiation, do not store the battery in direct daylight.
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