The brush holder (6) is removed from the starter: 1 - bushing for connecting wire; 2 and 4 - pressure springs for carbon brushes (3 and 5)
Remove the starter.
Unscrew the 2 screws in the small support cover and remove the cover.
Remove the safety and adjusting washers from the end of the shaft.
Unscrew both nuts of the starter housing; remove the cover.
The information is posted on this website [vwmanual.ru]
Measure the length of the contact brushes near the retaining plate; the minimum length is 13 mm.
Remove used brushes with pliers.
Strip the free end of the copper wire of insulation.
Insert the wire into the hole for the new carbon brush; use a center punch to slightly spread the end of the wire.
Solder the brushes, holding the wire near the brushes with pliers so that the solder does not get on the wire.

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