For the formation of a spark discharge of the required intensity, the voltage of the on-board network 12 V is converted in the ignition coils into high voltage, reaching 30,000 V.
The electronic ignition system is an integral part of the engine management system. Its main working components are spark plugs, coils and high voltage wires. The voltage supply to the spark plugs is carried out by the electronic engine control unit (ECM).
Manual adjustment of the ignition timing is not required. If the specified parameters fail, the failed components of the engine control system should be replaced.
Elements of the ignition system are not subject to wear and do not require regular maintenance. Only the spark plugs should be replaced according to the maintenance schedule.
The diesel engine preheating system is designed to warm up the combustion chambers in order to ignite diesel fuel confidently. Glow plugs are used as heating elements, the operation of which is controlled by an appropriate electronic unit.
Safety measures when working with ignition systems
To avoid electric shock to service personnel and / or failure of the electronic ignition system, when working on vehicles with such a system, the following rules must be observed:
- Disconnect the wires of the ignition system, including from instrumentation, only when the ignition is off.
- Do not disconnect the battery, alternator and starter while the engine is running.
- Persons with a pacemaker are not allowed to work with electronic ignition systems.
Ignition and fuel injection systems have a common diagnostic system that registers faults that have appeared in the form of corresponding codes that can be read using a special scanner (tester).
Reading the information stored in the memory of the engine control unit, in most cases, allows you to determine the causes of engine malfunctions. Analysis of the read information using a list of codes allows you to localize the source of the malfunction.
Attention! Visual inspection of wiring and plugs is not enough. To find out the reasons for the failure, be sure to read the information in the memory of the engine control unit.
If a malfunction occurs shortly after performing maintenance on a component, the first step is to carefully inspect the component and its surroundings. It is not excluded that the reason for the failure is caused by the weakening of the contacts.
When looking for the causes of engine malfunction (for example, the burning of the developed power) It always makes sense to check the compression in the cylinders.
Replace the air and fuel filters in accordance with the vehicle maintenance schedule.
After troubleshooting, always clear the code of the malfunction registered by the self-diagnosis unit.
1. Open the hood and check that the wire terminals are securely seated on the battery poles, and make sure that there are no signs of oxidation of the terminal connections.
Eliminate the detected defects, and replace the failed components with new ones. Inspect the wires «masses» (-) them contacts. They must be absolutely clean, without traces of corrosion.
Carefully inspect all visible electrical wiring in the engine compartment, check the reliability of the contact connections. Replace damaged wiring while keeping the same wiring harness.
Attention! Follow the order of laying the wires, do not allow them to be pulled. Failure to comply with these requirements may cause the wire to break without damaging the insulation.
It is possible to restore damaged electrical wiring by soldering in the area where the shunt wire is broken. Soldering ensures the reliability of electrical contact.
To repair the insulation, use insulating tape, or put a piece of heat shrink tubing on the wire.
The best way to repair all wiring related faults is to replace the broken wire.
2. Carefully inspect the hoses and pipelines in the engine compartment. Check the secure fit of the mounting clamps, make sure that there are no deformations, cracks, cuts, delaminations and other damage to the hoses and pipelines.
3. Assess the condition and check the patency of the fuel system hoses. Pollution or violation of the patency of the hoses entails a violation of the stability of the engine speed, especially at idle.
4. Carefully inspect the fuel lines as you move from the fuel tank to the fuel distribution line.
At the same time pay special attention to places of connection of hoses and fuel lines.
5. Check the air cleaner element.
An excessively contaminated filter can significantly increase the total aerodynamic resistance of the intake tract, which directly affects the power developed by the engine.
Replace the replaceable filter element if necessary.
6 Start the engine and let it idle.
Attention! Use extreme caution when working in the engine compartment with the engine running. Do not touch the power unit and exhaust system, do not allow hair and clothing to get into rotating parts (radiator fan, accessory drive belt.
7. Check for signs of air leaks in the intake tract. You can use soapy water to locate leaks.
8. Place the vehicle on stands and inspect the exhaust system. Leakage in the exhaust tract can be detected by clogging its outlet. Tighten loose clamps and replace burnt gaskets.
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