Exhaust system and turbocharging
1. Connecting tube - with a plug for checking the boost pressure; 2. Gasket - coating (thickening) points to the intake pipe; 3. Inlet pipe - with a connection for the return flow of exhaust gases; 4. Bolt, 25 Nm; 5. Bolt, 45 Nm - apply VWG 000500 to the thread and adjacent surface of the head; 6. Gasket - pay attention to the installation position according to the outline of the fit; 7. Exhaust manifold; 8. Nut, 25 Nm; 9. Air hose; 10. To the crankcase ventilation; 11. Air hose; 12. From the air filter; 13. O-ring; 14. Hollow bolt, 50 Nm; 15. Oil return pipeline - to the cylinder block; 16. Union nut, 40 Nm; 17. Turbine; 18. Knee; 19. Bolt, 25 Nm; 20. Oil supply pipeline - from the bracket-cover of the oil filter; 21. Nut, 10 Nm; 22. Union nut, 25 Nm
Diesel engine 1.9L (68 l. s./ 50 kW) equipped with a turbocharger. In the case of turbocharging, two turbine wheels sit on the same shaft, each of which is in a separate housing. The turbine wheels are driven by the exhaust gas and, rotating with the shaft, reach 120,000 rpm. Since the exhaust gas rotor and the intake air rotor sit on the same shaft, clean air is intensively forced into the engine cylinders.
Due to the good degree of filling in existing engines, almost 100% power is realized. The increase in power depends, among other things, on the boost pressure, which in a passenger car engine is 0.4–0.8 bar (tire pressure for example about 1.8 bar). If the boost pressure exceeds the factory setting, the check valve opens and reduces the boost pressure.
In addition to the increase in power, turbocharging also increases torque, which is very desirable for the elastic operation of the engine. Provided, of course, that the turbocharging shaft has a sufficiently high speed and thus provides a sufficient degree of injection. As a rule, 2500 rpm is enough for the engine to feel boost pressure.
Unlike a gasoline engine, a diesel engine does not need to reduce the normal compression ratio due to boost, so even at low speeds, the injected fuel is fully utilized.
The turbocharging system is very precise. Therefore, it is best to entrust its repair to specialists. As a rule, in the event of a malfunction, the turbocharging system is replaced completely.
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