Performing some simple actions, such as «open the hood» before working on the engine, it is so obvious that it will not always be specified. However, operations considered complex will be described in sufficient detail.
Here are some general recommendations that should be followed during the maintenance and repair of the car.
It is advisable to stock up on high-quality tools in advance to carry out these works. It is recommended to use a set of wrenches (with turnkey dimensions from 5 to 42 mm). It is better if the keys are combined (open-ended / cap). A set of socket heads is also required. When choosing it, pay attention to the number of heads (it is better if they are hexagonal with a spanner size from 6 to 27 mm), for the number of handles and extensions (two handles: simple and with a ratchet mechanism: at least 2 extensions - of different lengths), as well as other devices (extension cardan, for working at an angle, a candle wrench, etc.).
Pay special attention to the quality of the tool. A good tool will last a long time and will allow you to perform complex operations faster and at the lowest cost.
Nuts and bolts used must be cleaned and lubricated (except in special cases). The condition of the nut faces and threads should always be checked. If in doubt, use new bolts and nuts. Do not degrease nuts and bolts before installing them.
Self-locking nuts must not be reused. Always adhere to the recommended tightening torques for threaded connections (see Tab. 3). Their meanings are listed in the same order as the sections, making them easy to find. In some cases, the tightening torques are also shown in the figures.
When performing assembly operations, all gaskets, safety washers, cotter pins and seals should be replaced with new ones. This applies to seals and seals removed from shafts or plungers. Before installing oil seals and seals, grease or working fluid of the corresponding assembly should be applied to the working edges. When installing them, you need to correctly orient their working edges.
«Right» and «left» sides of the vehicle are indicated from the point of view of an observer in the vehicle facing the direction of travel. Similarly, instructions should be understood «front» and «behind» car. In more complex cases, appropriate explanations will be given in the text.
During all work that requires lifting the car, you should pay attention to its secure fastening. The jack from the set of transportable tools is provided only for changing the wheel on the road. If you still risk using this jack, you must prevent the vehicle from falling unexpectedly by using reliable stands. Under no circumstances should bricks be used for this purpose. You can use hollow wall blocks, taking into account their large surface, but not forgetting to place a thick board directly under the car.
Oils, greases, underbody protectors and all other petroleum products used are destructive to rubber parts. These materials and substances, as well as gasoline, should also be kept away from rubber hoses. Use only brake fluid or alcohol to clean the brake system. It must be remembered that brake fluid is poisonous and has a destructive effect on paintwork.
An important condition is the use of quality spare parts. The use of random parts should be avoided, this can cause trouble in the future. Exceptions are elements of the electrical system or those components for which the manufacturer provides complete freedom (electric lamps, fuses, etc.).
When ordering spare parts, please provide accurate identification data for the vehicle (model index, chassis number and, if applicable, engine number and year of manufacture). This will speed up the order completion time and avoid possible errors. Particular attention should be paid to this data when purchasing engine parts, as the design of engines has changed, and the engine parts for your vehicle may differ from similar components for engines of the same displacement of a later production.
All repair and maintenance operations, especially on the brake system and steering, must be carried out with attention and accuracy. After each repair, the car must be fully serviceable in terms of ensuring traffic safety.
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